Rose Wines
Rose wines are made from red grape varieties. Once a suitable colour has been extracted from the skins, the wines are made in a similar fashion to white wine production, having the same energy requirement.
Late Harvest Wines
Late harvest wines require that grapes are left on the vine to over-ripen so that the Brix levels are very high. Sometimes a rot called Botrytis can set in giving extra character. Once the grapes are harvested, the juice is fermented. From an
energy perspective, producing late harvest wines requires more refrigeration than say a Cabernet or Chardonnay. Firstly, the juice temperatures are held much lower prior to fermentation to hold off any spontaneous (unintended) microbial activity and secondly at the end of fermentation, the ambient temperature of the barrel room is lowered to encourage a slower yeast metabolism. Otherwise, the energy inputs scale with volume in proportion to that of the other wines.
