It is estimated that by the end of the twentieth century, anywhere between 500 000 and one million small PV systems had been installed to power rural homes in developing countries [12]. On top of that, tens of thousands of PV-powered water-lifting pumps and other communal services, such as health centers, schools, telephones, street lamps, had been deployed through government programs, donor-led initiatives and entrepreneurial activities. Many such programs have been subject to indepth reviews as a means to better understand the process that is taking place in the field and to harvest the lessons learned that can be applied to other projects and programs. For details, the reader is encouraged to consult available reports (see for instance references [33-36]). In this section, a few examples of PV rural electrification projects and programs are reviewed.
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