A simple cost comparison for the collector subsyste m can be made by combining the cost recommendations of Tables 5.6 and 5.7 with the fixed – temperature energy-collection results of Table 6.2. To make the comparison more realistic, the collector-array-output reduction factors of Table 2.8 are also included in the calculation. Figures 6.19 and 6.20 […]

Aquifer heat storage plant – Artificial aquifer (Germany) SPEOS project (Switzerland) St. Paul Minnesota, USA field test facility (USA) Scarborough GOCB – Hot/cold aquifer thermal energy storage (Canada) О Tranas aquifer thermal energy storage (Sweden) Klippan aquifer thermal energy storage (Sweden) – 123 – SUMMARY SHEET: SEASONAL HEAT STORAGE DATA OP TOTAL SYSTEM [13] [14] […]

Table 6.4 compares the calculated annual energy collected at a constant mean temperature of 70°C (the mean storage temperature for the seasonal calculation) for Albuquerque, Boston, and Kew. The energy collected at 70°C was read from the graphs in an earlier section, while the seasonal-storage results came from Table 6.3. In general, the seasonal-storage calculations […]

TITLE: SEASONAL STORAGE OF HEAT FROM LAKES IN AN ABANDONED MINE AT KOPPARBERG MAIN SUBJECTS OF RESEARCH: д і1;; Figure 37: Kopparberg/System diagram REFERENCE: /30/ CONTACT: K. WINDEHELD [11] [12]

Figure 6.16 shows the results of a calculation of the collector area and storage volume required to fully satisfy the annual load requirements specified (4.24 kWh/DD, plus 11.7 kWh/d for DHW). The collector is a single-glazed, selective-absorber flat plate. The storage medium is water, which is allowed to vary between 40 and 100°C. The location […]

The annual energy collected per unit area of a collector module operating at a fixed inlet temperature is compared for a number of collectors in Albuquerque, Boston, Copenhagen, Coronation, Hamburg, Ispra, Kew, The Netherlands, and Fig. 6.4 Solar-Radiation Data for Kew, United Kingdom (U. K. Data Base) Stockholm in Figs. 6.7 through 6.15. (The use […]

Two basic methods of comparison were employed in this study. In the first method, the annual energy delivered by a collector fed from an infinite storage system at constant temperature was calculated by integrating the hourly output of collectors, described by the insolation models in Chapter 2, and ambient conditions read from the weather tapes. […]

Unfortunately, there is no unified meteorological data base for the countries participating in this task. Indeed, only the North American countries have produced a set of data for a large number of cities that can be accessed and used in a consistent way. Therefore, we have relied heavily on the U. S. data base, known […]